Abstract
CETP activity, measured as transfer of cholesteryl ester from exogenous HDL to exogenous VLDL and LDL, reflecting CETP mass as determined by ELISA, was documented in three groups of St. Kitts vervet monkeys fed diets enriched in saturated (Sat), monounsaturated (Mono), or n-6 polyunsaturated (Poly) fatty acids. CETP activity was not different when comparing the three dietary fats. However, CETP activity was significantly higher when cholesterol was added to each of the diets. Significant positive associations between CETP activity and VLDL and LDL cholesterol concentrations were found whereas significant negative associations were seen between CETP activity and HDL cholesterol in each of the diet groups. The strength of these associations was highest in the Sat group. Cholesteryl ester (CE) fatty acid composition of lipoproteins varied widely among diet groups, with the more polyunsaturated CE of the Poly group being associated with a higher rate of CE transfer to endogenous acceptor apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins. Finally, only the Sat diet group showed significant positive correlations of CETP activity with LDL particle diameter (r = 0.76), cholesteryl ester percentage (r = 0.67), and a strong negative correlation (r = −0.86) with LDL receptor function, estimated as the difference between native and methylated LDL turnover rates. We speculate that strong associations between CETP and LDL metabolism may explain, at least in part, the increased atherogenicity of dietary saturated fat.—Fusegawa, Y., K. L. Kelley, J. K. Sawyer, R. N. Shah, and L. L. Rudel. Influence of dietary fatty acid composition on the relationship between CETP activity and plasma lipoproteins in monkeys.
Highlights
CETP activity, measured as transfer of cholesteryl ester from exogenous HDL to exogenous VLDL and LDL, reflecting CETP mass as determined by ELISA, was documented in three groups of St
Dietary fatty acids alter the composition of phospholipids and influence the types of cholesteryl esters (CE) made by LCAT [12], and may alter the types of CE made by hepatic ACAT2 for secretion by the liver in lipoproteins [7, 13]
During the period before cholesterol was added to the diet, total plasma cholesterol (TPC) was near 150 mg/dl in the polyunsaturated (Poly), monounsaturated (Mono), and saturated (Sat) fatty acid groups
Summary
CETP activity, measured as transfer of cholesteryl ester from exogenous HDL to exogenous VLDL and LDL, reflecting CETP mass as determined by ELISA, was documented in three groups of St. Dietary fatty acids alter the composition of phospholipids and influence the types of CE made by LCAT [12], and may alter the types of CE made by hepatic ACAT2 for secretion by the liver in lipoproteins [7, 13] Such modifications can increase the proportion of higher melting temperature CE in the core of the LDL particle, which in turn may slow transfer via CETP [14]. Many studies have shown that different dietary fatty acids directly affect CETP levels, general agreement on Abbreviations: CE, cholesteryl ester; FCR, fractional clearance rate; LDLr, LDL receptor; Mono, monounsaturated; Poly, polyunsaturated; Sat, saturated; TPC, total plasma cholesterol. To the extent that individual fatty acids differently modify CETP and its interaction with lipoproteins, these studies may help further our understanding of fatty acid influences on the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis by capitalizing on the extensive variability among these animals to diet induction
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