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Abstract
Generally in the nickel converter slag, metals are mainly in the form of sulfides, which are difficult to separate from slag. Although metal oxides in the slag, such as NiO, CoO, and Cu2O, are easily reduced into metal using carbon, the presence of sulfur inhibits the reduction reaction. In this study, the addition of Fe2O3 to nickel converter slag produced desulfurized slag, which enhanced the carbothermal reduction process. Increasing the desulfurization rate promoted the conversion of sulfides into oxides in slag, which significantly increased the activity of NiO, Cu2O, and Fe2O3. However, the residual sulfur content had no significant effect on the activity of FeO and CoO, due to the high initial FeO content and cobalt existing mainly in the form of oxides. The optimum addition of Fe2O3 was 15.0 g per 100 g nickel slag, while the desulfurization ratio was 36.84% and the rates of nikel, cobalt and copper recovery were 95.33%, 77.73%, and 73.83%, respectively.
Highlights
The process of oxidizing low-nickel matte using flowing air in a horizontal converter results in a large amount of slag containing nickel, cobalt, copper, and other metals
Theoretical analysis and tubular furnace experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of desulfurization with Fe2 O3 on the smelting oxidation-reduction process of nickel converter slag
The increase in the slag liquidus temperature had almost no influence on the desulfurization and reduction progress, it is helpful to separate the metal from the slag with the slag with a lower liquidus temperature [42]
Summary
The process of oxidizing low-nickel matte using flowing air in a horizontal converter results in a large amount of slag containing nickel, cobalt, copper, and other metals. A subsequent process is used to clean the nickel slag in order to extract some of the nickel, cobalt, and copper [1,2,3]. According to previous studies [8], the main components of nickel converter slag is FeO and SiO2 , where Ni mainly exists as sulfides and some distributes in fayalite or composite oxides. Cobalt is mainly dispersed in fayalite and most of the copper exists as sulfides [9,10]. In the nickel converter slag, the sulfides of Ni and copper result in the loss of
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