Abstract

In the current situation, almost every industrial and transportation activities are dependent on fossil fuels for their energy requirements. Fossil fuels are an overpriced and non-renewable source of energy. Besides these fossil fuels, combustion emits greenhouse gases that cause air pollution and global warming. Nowadays, microalgae-originated biofuels gained huge attention from researchers as they are expected to be a potential alternative to conventional fuels. Microalgal biofuel sector considers various strategies to enhance lipid content and biomass productivity in different habitats. To attain high lipid content from microalgae, lipid triggering circumstances are required to be optimized. This chapter summarizes various cultivation conditions, including pH, light intensity, and temperature for raised lipid accumulation inside microalgal cells. Different levels of physical factors affecting microalgal growth and lipid yield have been discussed in this chapter. The influence of the cultivation conditions such as CO2 concentration, temperature, light colour, and light intensity on lipid accumulation is evaluated comprehensively. Also, very recent progress and research studies on microalgal biomass and biodiesel production are discussed and summarized.

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