Influence of crop rotations and mineral fertilizers on the humus state of the soil in a long-term stationary experiment

Abstract

Relevance and methods. The article presents the data of scientific research on the influence of field crop rotations with the use of complex mineral fertilizers at a dose of 90 kg d. V. and without them on the humus state of dark gray forest heavy loam soil and arable land productivity in the Ryazan region. Research was carried out in the fields of ISA-a branch OF fgbnu FNAC VIM from 1992–1994. The aim of the research is to study the effect of long-term use of different crop rotations and mineral fertilizers on the humus content and changes in arable land productivity in dark gray forest soil and to predict the consequences of their use. In order to reproduce soil fertility and a deficit-free balance of humus, it is necessary, first of all, to have scientifically-based crop rotations in crops. Results. Our studies on dark grey forest heavy loam on granulometric structure of the soil, it was found that the saturation of crop rotations of legumes and legume-grasses contributes to the content of the total humus 0.16–0,195% for unfertilized and 0,324–0,290% in the fertilized soil, whereas in the rotation with the black field pair without application of fertilizer stocks this indicator of soil fertility in the layer 0–30 cm was reduced by 0,154%, the result of the increasing salinity and the lack of input of organic matter. It is noted that the long-term use of crop rotations saturated with grasses leads both to the stabilization of soil fertility and to an increase in the productivity of arable land, the initial value of which when the experiment was laid was 33.0 C.K. units/ha. at the end of the fourth rotation, the value of this indicator increased by 55.2% and 105.8%, respectively, on wind and fertilized backgrounds.