Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the profile of the main serum biochemical variables in buffalo heifers receiving diets with different concentrations of concentrate. Twenty buffalo heifers of the Murrah breed, aged six to eight months, were randomly assigned to four groups, with five replicates each, to be adapted to levels of 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% of concentrate in the diet, composed of sugarcane (bulk) and concentrated feed based on wheat, corn, and soybean meal. The experimental diets were constituted in the proportion “bulk: concentrate”, based on dry matter, of “80:20” (Treatment 1), “60:40” (Treatment 2), “40:60” (Treatment 3), and “20:80” (Treatment 4). Biomarkers were evaluated for energy, protein, mineral, and endocrine profiles, as well as enzymatic activity. A positive linear effect was observed for Final Body Weight. In the energy profile, there was a positive linear effect for total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol and a quadratic effect for plasma glucose. In the protein profile, a quadratic effect was observed for the urea: creatinine ratio and a positive linear effect for total protein and albumin. For the enzymatic activity, only the variable gamma-glutamyltransferase presented a quadratic effect. In the mineral profile, a quadratic effect was observed for calcium levels and a positive linear effect for phosphorus levels and negative for chlorine levels. In the endocrine profile, no statistical differences were observed. Diet with until 80% of concentrate does not negatively influence biochemical parameters that represent the profile of energy, protein, mineral and thyroid hormones for growing buffalo heifers and favors the performance of the animals.
Highlights
Metabolic or production diseases can be caused by imbalances in the animal organism, metabolism, and nutrient egress in feces, urine, milk, and fetuses
A positive linear effect (P < 0.0001) was observed for Final Body Weight, and for Total Weight Gain and Mean Daily Gain, with the increase in energy level in the diet given to the animals
In relation to the energy profile, a positive linear effect was found for the levels of total cholesterol (P = 0.0008) and HDL Cholesterol (P = 0.0002), as the level of concentrate in the diet increased, and a quadratic effect (P = 0.0089) for plasma glucose
Summary
Metabolic or production diseases can be caused by imbalances in the animal organism, metabolism, and nutrient egress (glycides, proteins, minerals, and water) in feces, urine, milk, and fetuses. Care during the growth phase is very important to ensure the longevity of the animals in the productive system, especially with regard to highly intensified management, with diets that guarantee high energy levels in buffalo feed. Based on this premise, the objective of this study was to evaluate the profile of the main biochemical variables related to energy, protein, minerals, and enzymatic and hormonal activity in buffalo heifers receiving diets with different concentrations of concentrate
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