Abstract
This study examined how maturation time (3, 6 and 12 months) of sewage sludge compost added to soil contaminated with heavy metals (HMs), i.e., Cu and Zn affects: (1) the redistribution pattern of HMs; (2) metal mobility (as mobility factor, M F) and metal stability (as reduced partition index, I R); (3) rate constants of metal transformations in exchangeable and acid-soluble (F1) fraction and rate constants of metal redistribution in all fractions (F1–F4). Soil without amendments was used as a control. It was shown that compost maturation time did not affect metal redistribution. After 12 months of incubation in non-amended soil, Cu still showed medium mobility (M F = 16.5 %), while in amended soil it had low environmental risk (M F = 6.2 %). In contrast, Zn was highly mobile (M F = 43.4 %) in all treatments. Compost addition favored only Cu redistribution into more stable fractions. For both metals, the rate constants of redistribution were an order of magnitude lower than rate constants of metal transformations in the F1 fraction.
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