Influence of competitive microbial flora and inoculum size of Penicillium purpurogenum on the production of rubratoxin-B in corn medium before and after exposure to gamma radiation

Abstract

The influence of inoculum size on the production of rubratoxin-B by P. purpurogenum was estimated on unirradiated and irradiated corn stored for prolonged periods at 28 °C and at a moisture content of 25%. Irradiation at doses of 1.0–3.0 kGy reduced the level of mould growth greatly relative to unirradiated controls. Rubratoxin-B production in corn grains at all doses after 40 days was less than the unirradiated control level and was below the detection limit above 4.0 kGy. Non-sterile corn that was inoculated with conidia of the fungus and then irradiated with 2.0 kGy gamma rays, produced lower rubratoxin-B levels compared with unirradiated controls. When corn was inoculated with 10 5 spores per gram after irradiation, the spore count and rubratoxin-B level were higher than the unirradiated control after 60 days. The total viable counts of endogenous fungal flora in the corn were reduced by the 2-kGy radiation dose, but after 20 days of incubation the numbers of P. purpurogenum increased with greater enhancement of rubratoxin-B production.