Influence of Combustion Chamber Shapes and Nozzle Geometry on Performance, Emission, and Combustion Characteristics of CRDI Engine Powered with Biodiesel Blends

K M V Ravi Teja,Manzoore Elahi M Soudagar,P Issac Prasad,K Vijaya Kumar Reddy,N R Banapurmath,T M Yunus Khan,Irfan Anjum Badruddin

doi:10.3390/su13179613

Abstract

Environmentally friendly, renewable, and green fuels have many benefits over fossil fuels, particularly regarding energy efficiency, in addition to addressing environmental and socioeconomic problems. As a result, green fuels can be used in transportation and power generating applications. Furthermore, being green can ably address the emission-related issues of global warming. In view of the advantages of renewable fuels, two B20 fuel blends obtained from methyl esters of cashew nutshell (CHNOB), jackfruit seed (JACKFSNOB), and jamun seed oils (JAMSOB) were selected to evaluate the performance of a common rail direct injection (CRDI) engine. Compatibility of the nozzle geometry (NG) and combustion chamber shape (CCS) were optimized for increased engine performance. The optimized CCS matched with an increased number of injector nozzle holes in NG showed reasonably improved brake thermal efficiency (BTE), reduced emissions of smoke, HC, and CO, respectively, while NOx increased. Further combustion parameters, such as ignition delay (ID) and combustion duration (CD) reduced, while peak pressure (PP) and heat release rates (HRR) increased at the optimized injection parameters. The CRDI engine powered with JAMSOB B20 showed an increase in BTE of 4–5%, while a significant reduction in HC and CO emissions was obtained compared to JACKFSNOB B20 and CHNOB B20, with increased NOx.

Highlights

Global warming and related emissions are the most crucial issues confronting modern society
Compatibility of combustion chamber shapes and nozzle geometry (NG) significantly impact the performance of high-pressure assisted common rail direct injection (CRDI) modified diesel engines
brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and peak pressure (PP) were significantly improved by increasing the number of holes of the injector nozzle for considered B20 blends with low combustion parameters of ignition delay (ID) and combustion duration (CD) and emissions of HC, CO, and smoke

Summary

Introduction

Global warming and related emissions are the most crucial issues confronting modern society. As the trend of fuel usage is increasing tremendously, we are making our world unhealthy for current and future generations. This is due to heavy usage of IC engines in fields such as agriculture, transportation, and industrialization, which will lead us to face deadly consequences in terms of pollution and will directly impact the health of all species. The type of fuel, engine configuration, and operating parameters used all have an impact on engines’ combustion characteristics. Biodiesel is one of the better alternatives, since it cannot replace conventional fuel entirely but is partly utilized in diesel engines. Because of its low toxicity, it is clear that we can utilize biodiesel in engines to decrease pollution

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