Influence of coccidiosis vaccination on nutrient utilization of corn, soybean meal, and distillers dried grains with solubles in broilers

Abstract

Two experiments were conducted to determine the impact of coccidiosis vaccination on the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of nutrients and ileal digestible energy (IDE) in commonly used feed ingredients in broilers. Eight experimental treatments based on a factorial arrangement of coccidiosis vaccination (control with in-feed diclazuril [CTL] or vaccinated [VAC]) and 4 different diets were administered to male Cobb 500 broilers in floor pens containing 12 birds per pen. For the vaccinated group, a 3× dose of a live coccidiosis vaccine was given via oral gavage on the day of hatch. Experimental diets consisted of a basal diet and 3 test diets in which 30% of the basal diet was replaced with either corn, soybean meal (SBM), or distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) to allow for calculation of nutrient digestibility of individual ingredients by difference. Broilers were fed a common diet from 0 to 7 D and experimental diets from 7 to 12 D. On day 12, blood and ileal digesta were collected to measure plasma carotenoids and determine AID of nitrogen, ether extract, IDE (experiments 1 and 2), and amino acids (AA) (experiment 2). Vaccination increased (P < 0.05) excreta oocyst counts and decreased (P < 0.05) plasma carotenoids when compared with CTL birds. Interactive effects (P < 0.05) were observed for AID of nitrogen (experiment 1) which was reduced by vaccination in birds fed the corn diet and increased for birds fed DDGS. No differences (P > 0.05) in IDE were observed between VAC and CTL birds in either experiment, whereas vaccination decreased (P < 0.05) AID of ether extract independently of diet. Interactive effects (P < 0.05) were observed for AA digestibility, whereby digestibility of all AA was reduced by VAC in corn diets but generally increased AA digestibility of DDGS diets, with minimal impact on SBM diets. In conclusion, the impact of coccidiosis vaccination on nutrient and energy digestibility varied among ingredients; however, digestibility was minimally impacted or improved with DDGS.