Abstract
In this study, magnesium is alloyed with varying amounts of the ferromagnetic alloying element cobalt in order to obtain lightweight load-sensitive materials with sensory properties which allow an online-monitoring of mechanical forces applied to components made from Mg-Co alloys. An optimized casting process with the use of extruded Mg-Co powder rods is utilized which enables the production of magnetic magnesium alloys with a reproducible Co concentration. The efficiency of the casting process is confirmed by SEM analyses. Microstructures and Co-rich precipitations of various Mg-Co alloys are investigated by means of EDS and XRD analyses. The Mg-Co alloys' mechanical strengths are determined by tensile tests. Magnetic properties of the Mg-Co sensor alloys depending on the cobalt content and the acting mechanical load are measured utilizing the harmonic analysis of eddy-current signals. Within the scope of this work, the influence of the element cobalt on magnesium is investigated in detail and an optimal cobalt concentration is defined based on the performed examinations.
Highlights
Magnetic magnesium alloys can be utilized as load-sensitive materials with sensory properties because they enable an online-measurement of the instantaneous mechanical loads to which a structural component is subjected during service
The results presented in the following chapters are mainly focused on the alloy
The magnetic properties of the five binary Mg-Co alloys were examined with the aid of a harmonic analysis of eddy current signals
Summary
Magnetic magnesium alloys can be utilized as load-sensitive materials with sensory properties because they enable an online-measurement of the instantaneous mechanical loads to which a structural component is subjected during service. The strain gauges and their electrical contacts are typically applied to the component’s surface and might be exposed to mechanical damage caused, for example, by external impacts during the use of the component. The application of external mechanical forces to a ferromagnetic material temporarily changes the magnetic susceptibility due to the reversible deformation of the material’s crystal lattice [2]. This magnetoelastic effect ( known as Villari effect) is thermodynamically inverse to magnetostriction and leads to a macroscopic change of the magnetic properties [3], which can be monitored by methods of non-destructive component testing, such as the harmonic analysis of eddy-current signals. The application of magnetoelastic force and torque sensors has been reported in literature, e.g., [4,5]
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