Influence of co-solvents on fucoxanthin and phlorotannin recovery from brown seaweed using supercritical CO2

Abstract

Sunflower oil (SFO), soybean oil, canola oil, ethanol, and water were utilized as co-solvents to support supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extraction of total carotenoid (TC), fucoxanthin (FX), and phlorotannin (PT) from brown seaweed (Saccharina japonica). A steepest ascent method with various temperatures [45–55°C], pressures [200–300bar], and co-solvent flow rates [0.50–2.00 (% of CO2, w/w)] was used to define the best operative co-solvents to enhance the extraction yields followed by response surface methodology (RSM) to optimize the extraction conditions. The best conditions for the yield of TC and FX were 50.62°C, 300bar, and 2.00% of SFO, while for PT it was 48.98°C, 300bar, and 2.00% of water, respectively. Overall extraction curves were determined for the optimized conditions, and experimental data were used to estimate the kinetic parameters. SFO as co-solvent showed higher fatty acid content, antioxidant activity, and oil stability than the control (SC-CO2 only).