Influence of clinical and socioeconomic indicators on dental trauma in preschool children

Patrícia Corrêa-Faria,Saul Martins Paiva,Maria Leticia Ramos-Jorge,Isabela Almeida Pordeus

doi:10.1590/1807-3107bor-2015.vol29.0015

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of traumatic dental injury (TDI) in the primary dentition and investigate associations with clinical and socioeconomic indicators. A population-based, cross-sectional study was carried out with a randomly selected sample of 301 children aged one to five years. Data were collected through clinical oral examinations and interviews with parents/guardians during immunization campaigns. Statistical analysis involved Pearson's Chi-squared test and Poisson regression with robust variance. The prevalence of TDI was 33.9%. TDI was more prevalent in children with overjet > 3 mm (p < 0.001) and those with inadequate lip coverage (p < 0 .001). A statistically significant association was also found between TDI and household income (p = 0.024). According to the adjusted Poisson regression model, greater prevalence rates of TDI were found for children from families with a monthly income ≥ twice the Brazilian minimum monthly wage (PR: 1.52; 95%CI: 1.10-2.12), those with accentuated overjet (PR: 1.53; 95%CI: 1.05-2.22) and those with inadequate lip coverage (PR: 2.00; 95%CI: 1.41-2.84). The prevalence of TDI was high in the present study and was associated with a higher family income, accentuated overjet and inadequate lip coverage.

Highlights

Traumatic dental injury (TDI) in the primary dentition is a public health problem, because of its high prevalence rates, treatment costs and long-term consequences.[1]
The occurrence of TDI in the primary dentition has been associated with accentuated overjet and inadequate lip coverage,[5,6,7,8] as well as behavioral characteristics, such as hyperactivity.[9]
The exclusion criteria were primary teeth with extensive carious lesions that rendered the diagnosis of TDI impossible, as well as the absence of one or more incisors caused by caries

Summary

Introduction

Traumatic dental injury (TDI) in the primary dentition is a public health problem, because of its high prevalence rates, treatment costs and long-term consequences.[1]. While some investigations have found that household income[13] and a mother’s education level[7,14,15] exert an influence on the occurrence of TDI in preschoolers, others have not found such associations (Table 1).[1,5,6,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20]

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Conclusion