Abstract
BackgroundTo analyze the association between the OHIP-14 and the different subtypes making up the clinical and psychological axis obtained using the RDC/TMD.Material and Methods407 patients treated at the TMD unit of the Andalusian Healthcare Service were administered the Spanish version of the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders questionnaire (RDC/TMD), together with the Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire (OHIP-14). The degree of association between the patients’ score in the OHIP-14 and the clinical and biopsychosocial variables was analyzed through bivariate and multivariate analyses, specifically through linear regression.Results89.4% of the treated patients were women, while 10.6% were men, with an average age of 42.08 ± 14.9 years. The mean score and standard deviation for the OHIP-14 was 20.57 ± 10.73. A significant association (p<0.05) was observed with the following variables: Axis I, jaw disability checklist, depression, somatization, perceived pain duration, and pain interference with activities of daily living.ConclusionsThe analysis of the relation between self-perceived health in patients with TMD, as measured by the OHIP-14, showed a R2 of 0.3979, with a higher Beta value for the association between the OHIP and patients with both myofascial pain and arthopathy, jaw disability, depression, a higher pain duration and a higher pain interference with activities of daily living. Key words:Temporomandibular disorders, psychological factors, oral health impact profile, public healthcare, research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (RDC/TMD).
Highlights
The term temporomandibular disorders (TMD) includes a wide range of pathologies, whose signs and symptoms involve the temporomandibular joints, the muscles that control them or both [1]
Material and Methods In order to carry out the study that we present below, we have analyzed the responses of 415 patients with signs and symptoms of TMD treated in the healthcare district of Córdoba (Spain), which belongs to the public Andalusian Healthcare Service
This OHIP-TMD questionnaire includes 22 questions more focused on this type of pathology but, as stated by its own authors, it should be limited to clinical use in specific TMD patients, rather than in epidemiological studies, since using it instead of OHIP-14 or OHIP-49 might decrease the possibility to compare the possible differences between TMD and other diagnostic entities in their effects on the patient’s quality of life [16]
Summary
The term temporomandibular disorders (TMD) includes a wide range of pathologies, whose signs and symptoms involve the temporomandibular joints, the muscles that control them or both [1]. The multi-causal etiology has prevailed, as reflected by authors like Suvinen et al [2], who defends a model with multiple etiological causes, covering a wide range of causes, such as macro-traumas, micro-traumas ( bruxism), skeletal and occlusal alterations, or systemic, hormonal and genetic factors, etc This model includes psychological factors such as stress, anxiety or depression as perpetuating etiological causes, which involve an increase in the head and neck musculature’s activity. Applying and introducing the RDC/TMD criteria, with their high specificity and reliability, allowed us throughout the last two decades to standardize the different clinical subtypes [3], as well as the degree of pain intensity, disability and psychological disorders in patients with TMD [4], which has been very useful to compare samples of patients with similar clinical characteristics but ethnically or culturally diverse, enriching the value and the results of this diagnostic method. A significant association (p < 0.05) was observed with the following variables: Axis I, jaw disability checklist, depression, somatization, perceived pain duration, and pain interference with activities of daily living
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