Abstract
The impact of warming on the phenology of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) in conditions of central Europe was evaluated at the locality of Dolné Plachtince in the Slovakian wine region. In Welschriesling and Pinot Blanc model varieties, the onset of phenophases as defined in the BBCH scale over the period of 1985 to 2018 was observed. Based on the data obtained, the influence of the average and average maximum temperature and GDD on the onset of phenophases was evaluated. The results observed indicate earlier budburst by five to seven days, earlier beginning of flowering by 7 to 10 days, earlier berry softening by 18 days, and harvest dates advanced by 8 to 10 days on average. In both varieties, the highest influence of the average monthly temperature in March on budburst, the highest influence of the average monthly temperature and the average maximum temperature in May on the beginning of flowering, and the highest statistically significant influence of the average maximum temperature in June on the softening of berries was found. Warming observed in moderate climate conditions of northern wine regions in central Europe (Slovakia) has not yet caused changes in the grapevine phenology stable enough to require serious adaptation measures.
Highlights
In many regions of the world, various phenomena have been observed that are attributed to climate change
The impact of warming on the phenology of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) in conditions of central Europe was evaluated at the locality of Dolné Plachtince in the Slovakian wine region
We focused on assessing the impacts of temperature changes on grape vine (Vitis vinifera L.) phenology
Summary
In many regions of the world, various phenomena have been observed that are attributed to climate change. The rate of warming that has been observed over the recent decades varies among wine regions in Europe. From 1991 to 2014, the average annual temperature increased by 0.9 to 1.1 ◦C compared to its average value in the 1960 to 1990 period on Slovakia s territory [8]. These data suggest great variability of climate change manifestation among different regions, which should be considered
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