Abstract
BackgroundThis study was conducted to provide much needed information on the potential of low solubility, highly biodurable nanoparticles (NPs) (TiO2 and CeO2 NPs), to bioaccumulate in fish and to investigate the relationship between an engineered nanomaterials surface coating, uptake and biokinetics in vivo. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were fed diets spiked with uncoated or surface coated (polyethylene glycol (PEG) or citrate (CIT)) TiO2 and CeO2 NPs (100 mg NPs/kg feed) for 10 days and thereafter fish were allowed to depurate for 42 days. Special care was taken to measure the real dispersed and actual administered concentrations, taking into consideration any potential losses from leaching, and to characterise the form (size, aggregation state, charge) of the NPs to which the fish were exposed.ResultsThe coatings had an influence on levels of uptake and distributions. Most notably a higher uptake of PEG and CIT coated TiO2 and CeO2 NPs compared to fish exposed to uncoated materials was observed. The elimination of any Ti from tissues was rapid during the first day of depuration, whereas Ce levels remained in fish tissues (stomach, intestine and liver) with differences in depuration and redistribution of the three types of CeO2 NPs. However, no bioaccumulation potential for both tested metal oxide NPs in fish irrespective of coatings is expected according to BMF values < 1.ConclusionsDistinct uptake, distribution and depuration kinetics in rainbow trout have been evidenced for different metal oxide NPs (TiO2 and CeO2 NPs). Coatings influenced uptake and in some cases led to slower depuration and distinct distributions, but do not make the uncoated NPs studied bioaccumulative (BMF > 1).Graphical
Highlights
This study was conducted to provide much needed information on the potential of low solubility, highly biodurable nanoparticles (NPs) (TiO2 and CeO2 NPs), to bioaccumulate in fish and to investigate the relation‐ ship between an engineered nanomaterials surface coating, uptake and biokinetics in vivo
In one instance, TiO2 NPs with sizes of 20–50 nm have been identified in receiving water bodies from waste water treatment plant (WWTP) effluents, with total Ti concentrations of between 52 and 86 μg/L measured versus low natural background levels of ~ 5 μg/L [5]
The rationale for using the same coatings and two different core NPs was to investigate if the coatings would confer the same bioaccumulation and distribution pattern
Summary
This study was conducted to provide much needed information on the potential of low solubility, highly biodurable nanoparticles (NPs) (TiO2 and CeO2 NPs), to bioaccumulate in fish and to investigate the relation‐ ship between an engineered nanomaterials surface coating, uptake and biokinetics in vivo. The metal oxide nanomaterials, titanium dioxide (TiO2) and cerium dioxide (CeO2) have been identified as highpriority nanoparticles (NPs) for testing, due to their low solubility and, biodurability and may constitute NPs of high persistence (both in the environment and within biological systems) [1, 2]. Modelled environmental concentrations can be used as predictions of exposure [3, 4], but the actual levels of NPs in the environment are unknown. While the most recent maximum modelled predicted environmental concentration of 61.74 ng/L [8] for CeO2 NPs in surface waters is not above already measured natural background levels (20–141 ng/L) [9], levels are likely to increase with their continued use
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
