Abstract
The influence of chromium additions to ultra-high carbon steels has been investigated. A common bearing steel (52100 containing 1% C and 1.5% Cr), a 1.6%+1.5% Cr steel (designated 52160) and a plain 1.6% C steel have been compared. Chromium is found to enhance greatly the superplastic properties. This is because the chromium enters the cementite and thereby stabilizes it. This in turn allows very little grain growth in ferrite to occur during superplastic deformation. A value of 1220% elongation to failure in 52160 was found at 650° C at an initial engineering strain rate of 1% min−1. The influence of strain rate on the elongation to failure has also been investigated in this material.
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