Abstract
Purpose: This systematic review was carried out to investigate the effects of keratin and chitosan hydrogel preparations on dental implant osseointegration. Materials and Methods: The electronic search was conducted on five databases: Scopus, EBSCOhost MEDLINE, EBSCOhost Dentistry and Oral Science, PubMed, and Web of Science. Studies that determined the in vitro or in vivo efficacy of keratin and chitosan hydrogel on osseointegration were included in the review. Results: Of the 760 studies initially gathered, nine met the inclusion criteria. These studies demonstrated that dental implants coated with keratin and chitosan hydrogels resulted in improved biological properties. It was also concluded that the inclusion of chitosan in keratin hydrogels improves the mechanical strength and helps increase durability through ameliorating degradation and swelling characters. Both the polymers increased bone-implant contact and new bone formation in animal models. Conclusion: This systematic review demonstrates that keratin and chitosan hydrogel, is effective in initiating osteogenesis, reinforcing the currently available evidence that these polymers could be a substrate in dental implant treatment.
Highlights
Osseointegration is defined as a stable anchorage of bone tissue on an implant surface
Only two of the in vivo studies were performed in keratin and the rest of them, including in vitro and in vivo were conducted in chitosan [39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47]
Notwithstanding, 2% of chitosan concentration was used in three studies and has shown good cellular behavior with osteoblastic cells
Summary
Osseointegration is defined as a stable anchorage of bone tissue on an implant surface. It is a cascade of four processes namely hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and bone remodeling [1]. The formation of bone to implant contact (known as %BIC) is a hallmark for successful osseointegration [4]. Pure titanium (Ti) and its alloys were widely used in orthopedic and dental implants due to its excellent parameters such as biocompatibility, good mechanical strength, and corrosion resistance [7, 8]. Even though Ti implants have been consistently used with a high success rate in clinics, utilization of various biomaterials has been recommended to achieve functions of bioactivity and antibacterial property [13]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
