Influence of central and peripheral dentin on micro-tensile bond strength estimated using a competing risk model

Abstract

The bonding performance of dental adhesives is most frequently evaluated using the micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) test. Despite lacking evidence, peripheral specimens are often discarded to avoid regional variability. This study, therefore, examined whether μTBS to central and peripheral dentin differed. Dentin surfaces of extracted human molars were bonded with various self-etch adhesives, built up with a resin composite, cut into beams, and stressed in tension. Failure mode was classified as adhesive, cohesive in dentin, or other using scanning electron microscopy. Since cohesive failures in dentin were frequent and could confound μTBS results, the data from central/peripheral dentin were analyzed using a Weibull competing risk (CR) model distinguishing failure modes, and its outcomes were compared to a conventional failure mode non-distinguishing Weibull model. Based on the strength data of cohesively failed specimens, the CR model also estimated the strength of dentin. For comparison, the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of dentin was measured in both regions. The conventional model suggested that peripheral μTBS was higher than central μTBS. Conversely, the CR model disclosed no significant difference in μTBS between the regions but indicated a higher strength of peripheral dentin. This finding was confirmed by UTS measurements, and further supported by the significantly higher incidence of cohesive failures in central dentin. Therefore, peripheral specimens can be used in the μTBS test as well as central ones, but a CR model should be used for statistical analysis if cohesive failures in dentin are frequent, as the strength of peripheral dentin is higher.