INFLUENCE OF CARBOHYDRATE-PROTEIN FEED ON BIOLOGICAL AND PRODUCTIVE QUALITIES OF A BEE FAMILY

Abstract

Due to the multilateral influence of the bee pollen pellet on the vital activity and productivity of bee families while ensuring their food provision, the increased attention is being paid to the harvesting of the bee bread and supplementary feeding of bees though providing its collection. The carbohydrate-protein supplementary feeding is the most effective in early spring when the development of bee families is crucial for the preparation for the honey flow. Unlike honey, pollen pellet contains all the essential substances needed for the development and vital activity of bees. The pollen pellet provides bees with lipids, vitamins, mineral and other substances that are not contained or lacking in honey. Bee families can live and fully develop in the active period of the year only due to the constant use of this protein food. The objective of this work was to determine the influence of the supplementary feeding of the pollen pellet as part of candy, on the biological and productive qualities of the bee family in the period of its low flaw into the nest. The studies confirm the feasibility of feeding the mixture of carbohydrate food with the bee pollen pellet in early spring. Such supplementary feeding of bees in early spring contributes to obtaining larger sized larvae, which, in its turn, promotes obtaining more full-fledged bees. It also has a positive effect on the amount of the brood grown and on the life expectancy of bees. The carbohydrate-protein supplementary feeding in spring has a significant impact on the growth of bee families, which allows the development of strong bee families by the time of the honey flow. But this is of importance only at the beginning of the main honey flow, that is, under the conditions of a limited amount of pollen pellet brought into the nest. We recommend that a part of the pollen pellet be collected with the help of the pollen catchers in the period of its sufficient flow into the bee families, be stored, then used for the preparation of carbohydrate-protein mixtures and then fed to bees.