Influence of calophyllum inophyllum and Jojoba oil methyl ester blended with n-pentanol additive upon overall performance, combustion and emission characteristics of a TDI engine operated in natural aspirated mode

Abstract

The present manuscript briefly elaborates the performance, combustion and emission behaviour of a turbocharged direct injection diesel engine operated in dual mode where calophyllum inophyllum and Jojoba oil methyl ester are the injected fuel while in second case the above said test fuel blends were mixed homogeneously with n-pentanol that acts as an additive during the experimentation. The main objective of using n-pentanol is its five straight chain carbon atoms that has better possibility of homogeneous blending with biodiesel blends due to its high cetane number, stability and density in contrast to other alcohol based additives helping in improving engine performance and diminished exhaust emissions. During the experimentation, engine parameters like compression ratio (17.5:1), injection timing (21°bTDC), injector opening pressure (220 bar), speed (1500 rpm) were kept constant. Results concluded CIME20–P20 blend to be reliable and potential alternative fuel to partially replace conventional diesel fuel. Considering performance and emission characteristics calophyllum inophyllum oil methyl ester and pentanol blend (CIME20–P20) depicts a higher brake specific fuel consumption of 3.41% while lower exhaust gas temperature and brake thermal efficiency of 13.46% and 1.18% in contrast to diesel fuel. Moving on to emission analysis, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon, oxides of nitrogen and smoke opacity for CIME20–P20 were 57.02%, 59.37%, 17.39% and 41.53% lower than conventional diesel fuel. Hence, coming to the overall summary, CIME20–P20 depicts better performance and diminished exhaust emission thereby making it more potential to substitute the conventional fuel without any engine alteration for better environmental sustainability and energy security.