INFLUENCE OF BISPHENOL A AND PROBIOTIC-CONTAINING FEED CARASSIUS GIBELIO BLOCH INDICATES SEPARATELY

Abstract

One of the most common pollutants of water bodies is bisphenol A (BPA), a plastic monomer used to synthesize polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resins and thermal paper (Barboza L. et. al., 2020). BPA enters freshwater and marine ecosystems as a result of leaching from BPA-based composites, as well as with water discharges from manufacturing plants, wastewater treatment plants and landfills. BPA is characterized by a low accumulation potential in freshwater environments, a short half-life under aerobic conditions, but due to the continuity of exposure, it is a serious problem (Wu N. C., Seebacher F., 2020). The ways BPA enters the fish body are diverse: through the digestive tract, gills, skin. Numerous studies have shown the adverse effects of BPA on the behavioral and morpho-physiological parameters of fish, including swimming patterns, coordination of movements, appetite, and dysfunction of many systems (endocrine, reproductive, nervous). It is possible to prevent the negative effects of hunting through the prophylactic use of agents that enhance the overall reactivity of the body. In this sense, our attention was drawn to probiotics - microorganisms that have a stimu-lating effect on the development of indigenous microflora, have a high antagonistic, synthetic, immunomodulatory, regulatory potential. We have studied the effect of bisphenol A and probiotic microorganisms Lactobacillus casei, introduced in the feed, on certain indicators of Carassius gibelio Bloch (general behavioral reactions, certain mor-pho-physiological parameters, qualitative and quantitative characteristics of erythrocytes and leukocytes). The study was carried out after 15-day acclimatization of fish in aquariums at a water temperature of 14°C, appropriate aera-tion regime and 16-hour photoperiod. It was found that 96-hour exposure to bisphenol A at a concentration of 1.5 mg/l causes darkening of the skin, in-creased mucus secretion, uncharacteristic motor activity, the appearance of unusual morphotypes of red blood cells, a slight increase in the number of leukocytes, and a decrease in the phagocytic activity of Carassius gibelio Bloch. Preventive introduction of probiotic cultures in the feed contributed to the correction of behavioral reactions and individual hematological parameters