Influence of birefringence in the instability spectra of oppositely directed coupler with negative index material channel

Abstract

A theoretical investigation on the influence of birefringence in the modulational instability (MI) spectra of an oppositely directed coupler (ODC) with a negative index material (NIM) channel is presented. We study the effect of birefringence on MI in linear and circular birefringent ODCs for both normal and anomalous dispersion regimes. It is found that besides the instability band due to nonlinear positive index material (PIM) and negative index material (NIM) channels, new symmetric instability regions are observed as a result of birefringent effects. Also defocusing nonlinearity suppresses the NIM band in the normal dispersion regime, but in the anomalous dispersion regime the defocusing nonlinearity enhances the gain of the NIM band. In contrast to the case of linear birefringence, in terms of MI gain from circular birefringence, only two birefringent bands dominate: the inherently PIM and NIM bands. This preponderance is attributed to the fact that the cross-phase modulation effect for the case of circular birefringence is stronger, thus allowing a better coupling between the beams, which results in the enhancement of the gain. Therefore, the manipulation of MI and solitons in an ODC is better performed when the birefringence is circular rather than linear. Here we report how to generate and manipulate MI and solitons in birefringent ODCs with a particular emphasis on a NIM channel.