Abstract

The correct course of the combustion process has a great influence on several output parameters. In addition to the impact on the performance and efficiency of the device, the impact on the formation and properties of gaseous emissions and solid residue is particularly noticeable. The solid combustion residue, in particular in the form of ash, remains trapped as the final product after combustion in the incinerator or may be released to the outside environment. Improperly, combustion can form two negative extremes. The first extreme is the formation of too fine dust particles of ash and solid pollutants escaping into the air as dangerous emission substances for human and other organism’s health. The second is the failure to burn larger pieces of fuel or sinter them into clumps, which can subsequently damage the combustion device or reduce the efficiency of combustion. This article aims to examine the various factors influencing the impact of combustion in different types of combustion plants on the properties of the resulting solid fuel residues and further possibilities of their use and effects on the environment.

Highlights

  • Introduction to emissionsBiomass is one of the most widely used renewable energy sources

  • Emissions can have a negative effect on human health, and on the surrounding environment into which they are released

  • Gaseous emissions are formed by oxides of combustion elements of fuel or combustion air, which are released directly into the environment and diluted in the atmosphere

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Summary

Introduction to emissions

Biomass is one of the most widely used renewable energy sources. Combustion of biomass releases thermal energy which we are able to capture and possibly convert into a more noble form of energy such as electricity. When there is a lack of oxygen in the combustion chamber, tars are formed, which are liquid substances composed of aromatic hydrocarbons which contain dangerous carcinogenic substances such as benzene These tars are dried under the influence of heat and form a solid layer of settled particles in the combustion paths, which, it protects against corrosion due to its sticky properties, clogs the chimney. The solid residue forms the most chemically diverse mixture of substances that affects the life of the combustion plant and the environment into which it can be released by humans It can be divided into inorganic ashes and organic soot and solid pollutants. Both of these components of the solid residue may or may not have a negative impact on the life of the combustion plant as well as on the environment, so it is very important to determine their properties and right reuse in energy, industry or agriculture

Theoretical analysis of solid residue formation
Experimental measurements in real conditions
Conclusions

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