INFLUENCE OF BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS ON WEEDING AND YIELD OF FORAGE CROPS IN THE CONDITIONS OF TILLAGE MINIMIZATION

Abstract

Intensive development of livestock industry requires improving its feed base. Unconventional fodder crops can help agricultural producers get high yields of good quality. The aim of the research was to study the elements of cultivating soy, amaranth and buckwheat in conditions of minimizing tillage when using biological products Baikal Em-1 and Humate potassium. The work was carried out on sod-podzolic medium loamy gleyous soil in the experimental field of the Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education Yaroslavl State Agricultural Academy in 2019. The studied indicators were determined by generally accepted methods. When cultivating spring cereals, a significant decrease in the dry weight of weeds was noted by 3.15-7.67 g / m2. On average, according to some factors, the use of a surface tillage system caused a statistically significant increase in the number of young weeds by 1.3 pcs / m2. In the same treatment variant, an increase in the dry mass of young weeds by 3.34 g / m2 and perennials by 4.07 g / m2 was observed. A significant decrease in the length of vegetative organs in the layer of 0-10 cm by 15.44 cm and dry mass in the lower part of the arable horizon by 1.37 g / m2 was noted in row crops. On average, for primary tillage systems and biological products, buckwheat cultivation contributes to a significant increase in green mass productivity by 31.7 kg / ha. A significant increase in the yield of feed units was observed when cultivating amaranth and buckwheat by 9.9 and 14.9 kg / ha. On average, according to some factors, the use of the surface treatment system led to a statistically significant decrease in yield of both green mass andfeed units by 9.1 and 2.5 kg / ha, respectively. The greatest efficiency was shown by growing buckwheat for fodder purposes in the case of a heap processing system using Baikal Em-1 biological product.