Abstract
The effect of bacteria Bacillus subtilis strain 26D in combination with stress phytohormones – salicylic (SA) and jasmonic (JA) acids, on the content of H2O2, transcriptional activity of genes of pathogen-induced (PR) proteins (PR-1, PR-6, PR-9 ) and a change in the spectrum of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) leaves proteins in connection with development of resistance to the causative agent of late blight – oomycete Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary against the background of a lack of moisture in soil have been investigated. Plants grown from microtubers on a soil substrate in containers treated with B. subtilis suspension (108 cells / ml) and with a mixture of bacteria with SA (10-6 M), JA (10-7 M), SA + JA (1:1 ratio), then were infected with P. infestans zoospores (107 spores / ml) and cultivated under artificial drought conditions. Some of treated plants were left uninfected. A significant decrease in degree of P. infestans leaf infection was revealed under influence of B. subtilis treatment in combination with JA. An increase in potato resistance was mediated by a stimulating effect on the concentration of H2O2 and on the transcriptional activity of PR-protein genes in plant tissues. Using two-dimensional electrophoresis we have revealed the differences in the content of 19 polypeptides in the pI range 4.0 to 9.0 and MW range 30 to 125 kDa. On the basis of cluster and factor analyzes, it was shown that treatment of B. subtilis plants most significantly changes the spectrum and relative content of individual proteins in both healthy and infected plants. Probably, stress phytohormones activate plant defense mechanisms aimed at the generation of Н2О2 and preventing the change in the spectrum of protective proteins induced by symbiotic bacteria. The most significant factor determining the change in the proteome of P. infestans infected potato plants against the background of drought is the combination of B. subtilis with JA.
Highlights
Increasing plant resistance to pathogens and unfavorable agro-climatic conditions are topical issues in crop production
The aim of this work is to study the effect of Bacillus subtilis bacteria in combination with signaling system mediators on the H2O2 content, transcriptional activity of PR-genes, and changes in the spectrum of proteins in Solanum tuberosum tissues upon infection with Phytophthora infestans and moisture deficiency
Mechanisms for increasing of S. tuberosum resistance to P. infestans under the influence of the bacterial complex Bacillus spp. with signaling molecules could be associated with changes in the concentration of H2O2 in plant tissues [6,7]
Summary
Increasing plant resistance to pathogens and unfavorable agro-climatic conditions are topical issues in crop production. Proceedings 2020, 4, x FOR PEER REVIEW environmentally friendly preparations for protecting plants from stresses of a biotic and abiotic nature is plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) [1,2,3]. In this regard, highly effective bacteria of the genus Bacillus that retain their viability for a long time are especially attractive. It has been shown that treatment of plants with Bacillus subtilis promotes the development of systemic induced resistance (SIR), mediated by the action of jasmonic acid [9]. Despite the large amount of data on the increase in plant resistance to pathogens and abiotic stresses under the influence Bacillus, the mechanisms of modulation of defense reactions under their influence in combination with signaling molecules remain unclear
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