Influence of autonomic nervous system tone on the content of cholesterol and lipoproteins of different density in the blood of cows

Abstract

The relevance of the study lies in the investigation of the influence of the autonomic nervous system tone on the content of lipids in the body of cows, which is important to consider in order to ensure the high productivity of the dairy herd and balance diets in animal feeding. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of the tone of the ganglion nervous system on the content of cholesterol and lipoproteins of various densities in the blood of dairy cows of the Ukrainian Black-and-White breed. To determine heart rate variability, an electrocardiograph was used with subsequent measurement of the main indicators according to the Baevsky stress index, which included determining the mode, its amplitude, variation range, autonomous equilibrium index, autonomous rhythm indicator, and stress index. Three experimental groups were formed from experimental cows: normotonics, vagotonics, and sympathotonics. The content of lipoproteins in blood plasma was determined using a Sinnova BS-3000 biochemical analyser (China). According to the results of biochemical analysis, differences in the obtained indicators were established among experimental groups of cows with different tones of the autonomic nervous system. This is due to the fact that activation of the sympathetic nerve branch leads to changes in liver function, which affects the production of glucose in the body. This can lead to increased cholesterol production. In addition, an increased tone of the sympathetic branch can stimulate the activity of enzymes responsible for the synthesis of cholesterol, and lead to a decrease in the level of hormones that regulate its synthesis and transport in the body. In particular, vagotonic animals had the highest blood content of total cholesterol and high-density lipoproteins. Sympathotonics showed the lowest blood values for total cholesterol and high-density lipoproteins. Normotonics occupied an intermediate place among the experimental groups of cows. A detailed study of this issue reveals the features of the influence of the autonomic nervous system tone on the indicators of lipid metabolism in the blood of cows, which is important to consider in production to effectively solve issues related to maintaining their productivity and improving the quality of milk