Abstract
ABSTRACT HFPO-TA is an emerging alternative to traditional perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), which is characterized by its biotoxicity and persistence. The UV/sulfite/iodide photo-induced hydrated electrons system can effectively degrade HFPO-TA under mild conditions. However, the effects of water quality on this system need to be urgently investigated. This study explored the impact of common aqueous constituents (Cl−, HCO3−, PO43−, and HA) on the defluorination efficiency of HFPO-TA by the UV/sulfite/iodide system. Results indicated that low concentrations of Cl− (<1.0 mM), PO43− (<0.01 mM), and HA (<5.0 mg/L) have negligible impact on defluorination efficiency. However, as concentrations increase, these constituents can interact with photosensitizers or reactive species within the system, leading to a decrease in defluorination efficiency. HCO3−, in their various solution states, can compete with HFPO-TA for the hydrated electron (eaq−) or engage directly with the photosensitizer, resulting in a hindrance to the defluorination capabilities of the system. Furthermore, it was identified that the defluorination efficacy of the UV/sulfite/iodide for HFPO-TA in Xiaoqing River was diminished relative to that in deionized water, primarily due to the presence of Cl− and HCO3−. Adsorption/desorption or nanofiltration pretreatment using highly selective materials such as COFs can effectively mitigate this problem.
Published Version
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