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Abstract
Objective:To investigate the relationship between serum level of Apelin-13 and bone mineral density (BMD) as well as other parameters, and determine the influence of Apelin-13 on osteoporosis in patients with Type-2 diabetes mellitus.Methods:Seventy-six patients with Type-2 diabetes mellitus were recruited from Department of Endocrinology of our hospital between January 2013 and July2017. The clinical data, including age, gender, height, weight, body mass index (BMI) and disease duration were recorded for all patients. Blood sample was collected for measurement of Apelin-13, Procollagen type-I N propeptide (PINP) and Cross-linked carboxy terminal telopeptide of type-I collagen (ICTP), and BMD was tested with a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanner.Results:The patients were divided into three groups, in which 19 patients were assigned in osteoporosis group, 25 in osteopenia group and 32 in normal group. The level of Apelin-13 in osteoporosis group was significantly lower than that in osteopenia and normal groups (p<0.05), and the value in osteopenia group was significant lower than that in normal group (p<0.05). Correlation analysis showed in the included patients the level of Apelin-13 was positively correlated to the value of BMD and PINP (p<0.05), but negatively correlated to age and ICTP (p<0.05).Conclusion:In conclusion, this study demonstrated that there was a close relationship among Apelin-13, BMD, ICTP and PINP, and Apelin-13 plays an important role in the occurrence of osteoporosis in patients with Type-2 diabetes mellitus.
Highlights
Diabetes is one of the most challenging health problems in the world and its incidence has rapidly increased in recent years.[1,2] The disease is closely correlated to fragile fractures resulted from osteoporosis, and Type-2 diabetes mellitus has been identified as an important risk factor for osteoporosis-associated fracture.[3]
A total of 76 patients with Type-2 diabetes mellitus were included. They were divided into three groups, in which 19 patients were assigned in osteoporosis group, 25 in osteopenia and 32 in normal group based on T scores outcomes
We investigated the relationship between Apelin-13 level and bone mineral density (BMD) as well as other parameters to determine the influence of Apelin-13 on osteoporosis in patients with Type-2 diabetes mellitus, which may provide some clinical evidences for physicians in preventing osteoporosis
Summary
Diabetes is one of the most challenging health problems in the world and its incidence has rapidly increased in recent years.[1,2] The disease is closely correlated to fragile fractures resulted from osteoporosis, and Type-2 diabetes mellitus has been identified as an important risk factor for osteoporosis-associated fracture.[3]. Many studies demonstrate that Apelin can regulate glucose homeostasis, insulin secretion and sensitivity.[7] Apelin-13 is one of the most studied types of apelin, which has emerged as a beneficial peptide with anti-obesity and anti-diabetic properties, and is regarded as a promising therapeutic target in metabolic disorders.[8] Some studies suggest that Apelin-13 can regulate multiple physiological functions and is closely associated with diabetes, obesity, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases.[1] In a study of sixty-nine patients with Type-2 diabetes mellitus, Du and colleagues found that serum level of Apelin-13 was significantly elevated in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, suggesting a positive association of Apelin-13 with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.[9] Diabetic nephropathy is the primary cause of end-stage renal disease and in a recent published study, Chen advocates that Apelin-13 may be a novel therapeutic candidate for it via regulation of histone acetylation.[10] In addition, Apelin-13 can alleviate diabetes-associated endoplasmic reticulum stress in the pancreas.[11] These studies demonstrate that Apelin-13 play an important role in the treatment of diabetes related complications. Up to now, the relationship between Apelin-13 and BMD has not yet been investigated
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