Influence of anticholinergic drugs on the development of an experimental periodontitis model

Lyudmila Fedorivna Kaskova,Mykola Olegovich Ishkov,Maryia Petrivna Mytchenok,Iryna Viktorivna Batih,Marianna Aleksandrivna Ostafiichuk,Ivanna Ivanivna Abramchuk,Karina Pavlivna Karatintseva,Viktor Markiyanovich Batig,Michael Ivanovich Sheremet

doi:10.25122/jml-2020-0194

Lyudmila Fedorivna Kaskova, Mykola Olegovich Ishkov + Show 7 more

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https://doi.org/10.25122/jml-2020-0194

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Abstract

The endogenous microbiome of the oral cavity plays an essential role in the development of periodontal disease. It also has a significant pathogenic effect on the inner-vation of the oral cavity organs. The experimental determination of the effectiveness of various drugs is required for the effective treatment of periodontal disease, and this involves the creation of a model of experimental periodontitis. The objective of this series of studies was to determine the possibility of reproduction of the experimental model of periodontitis and the study of the effects of anticholinergic drugs on the development of an experimental periodontitis model. The reproduction of the experimental model of periodontitis was performed by injecting the gums of rats with solutions of pathogenic factors: lipopolysaccharide, hyaluronidase and trypsin. We aimed to study the effect of anticholinergic drugs (pilocarpine and atropine) on the development of an experimental model of periodontitis after the injection of a hyaluronidase solution (2 mg/ml) into the rats' gums. The study was performed on white Wistar rats. Elastase activity, malonic dialdehyde content, urease activity (bacterial contamination index), lysozyme activity (an indicator of nonspecific immunity), and catalase activity (an antioxidant enzyme) were determined in the homogenate of the studied tissues. The results of a comparative study of the effect of three pathogenic factors (lipopolysaccharide, hyaluronidase, and trypsin) on the activity of elastase in different tissues of experimental animals (gums, tooth pulp, serum, and gastric mucosa) showed that hyaluronidase has the greatest proinflammatory effect. The action of pilocarpine and atropine was determined with an underline experimental periodontitis model. It was shown that both anticholinergic drugs stimulate the inflammatory process in the periodontium and that anticholinergic drugs enhance the proinflammatory effect of hyaluronidase.

Highlights

IntroductionThe microbiome of the oral cavity occupies an important place in the development of periodontal disease [1,2,3,4]
According to the literature, the microbiome of the oral cavity occupies an important place in the development of periodontal disease [1,2,3,4]
The drugs were in the form of solutions of 0.9 % NaCl lipopolysaccharide (1 mg/ml), hyaluronidase (2 mg/ml) and trypsin (5 mg/ml), which were injected into the gums in the molar area in an amount of 0.2 ml per rat

Summary

Introduction

The microbiome of the oral cavity occupies an important place in the development of periodontal disease [1,2,3,4] This microbiome has a significant pathogenic effect on the innervation of the organs of the oral cavity [5,6,7]. Among the toxic microbial factors, there is a number of enzymes that can cause toxic effects due to their catalytic properties, aimed at the destruction of structural biopolymers of the macroorganism Among such enzymes, the enzyme hyaluronidase [11, 12], which hydrolyzes hyaluronic acid, attracts particular attention. The enzyme hyaluronidase [11, 12], which hydrolyzes hyaluronic acid, attracts particular attention The latter is an intercellular "cement", and its depolymerization significantly increases the permeability of histo-hematological barriers [13, 14]. This creates a high permeability to the tissues of various substances and bacteria (bacterial translocation) [15,16,17]

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