Influence of anthocyanins on myocard

Abstract

Functional food represents important alternative management of atherosclerosis, its risk factors and clinical complications. Atherosclerosis is characterized by micro-inflammation, formation of atheromathous lipoprotein plaques in arterial wall due to hypercholesterolemia and/or hyperglycemia and protrombogenic status. Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) contains polyphenols and anthocyanins influencing all three components of atherosclerosis. Its high antioxidative potential, verified in experimental studies, exhibit pronounced decrease of inflammatory markers. Cornelian cherry demonstrated favorable effect on lipid spectrum (comparable with lovastatin) advantageous decrease of glycemia and increase of insulin (comparable with glibenclamid). Polyphenols and anthocyanins exhibited both direct antiplatelet effects and reduction of platelet hyper-reactivity mediated via attenuated oxidative stress. The first clinical trials confirmed clinically relevant decrease of total and LDL cholesterols, triacylglycerols, lipoproteins, amelioration of inflammatory activity and improvement of insulin secretion. Limitation of published studies is use of imprecisely defined cultivars of CC, mostly experimental nature, small scale and missing longitudinal trials. Our experimental study with Zucker fatty diabetes rats supplemented for two month by two precisely defined cultivars of Cornaus mas L: 1. Koralovij Marka and 2. Eksotichestij shown consistent results with other authors. We also found decrease of total and LDL cholesterol and profound decrease of triacylglycerol about 31% in Koralovij Marka group (low anthocyanine level), but not in Eksoticheskij group (high anthocyanine level). Both groups exhibited significant increase of glycemia, and in Koralovij Marka group we observed also important increase of weight. Koralovij Markra group exhibited U shape decrease of blood pressure from 128 mmHg to 109 mmHg with subsequent overshooting of blood pressure to level of 135 mmHg. Eksoticheskij group shown permanent oscillation of blood pressure among value of 130 mmHg, with final overshooting on the level of 145 mmHg. As relatated to development of atherosclerotic plaques histomorphologic study did not confirmed previous observation of decreased progression: although average measurments of aortal tunica media thickness shown similar values: 102 micrometers in controls and 105 micormeter in KM and 105.6 micrometer in E group, number of measuments with value over 100 micrometers was significanty different: 40% res. 58.3% res. 70%. Biochemical properties of Cornus mas L. predispose its products for adjuvant management in prevention and therapy of atherosclerosis. Literarure rewiev and our own results demonstrate favourable influence on lipid spectrum, disproportional findings in effect on glycemia. Our data are the first study suggesting also antihypertensive effect of the Cornus mas. We demonstrated various effects of two cultivars of Cornus mas on the whole scale of biomarkers and risk factors which is giving the impetus for identification of responsible active compounds. Transversal sections of aorta. A) control group; B) Koralovij Marka group; C) Eksoticeskij group (Hematoxylin and Eosin) This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.