Abstract
A vertically aligned titania nanotube layer was obtained by electrochemical anodic oxidation in the electrolyte contained 0.4 wt% solution of NH4F in 54 ml of ethylene glycol and 5 ml of deionized water, after titanium was chemically cleaned/etched with a mixture of HCl, H2O and HNO3 solution for removing the natural oxide films. The morphology and composition of the titania nanotube layer were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The anodization of TiO2 nanotubes was done using 60 V for 240 min and 30 min, and 30 V for 30 min. The diameter of the titania nanotubes was about 52-156 nm, the wall thickness about 32-53 nm and the height about 0.9-6.3 μm. The pore size of TiO2 nanotubes influences the dissolution rate of CaP thin films and Young's modulus, which is significantly lower than that of the Ti substrate. Our future challenge will be investigation of the microstructure and mechanical behavior of titania nanotubes with CaP film.
Highlights
Titanium and its alloys are increasingly used in orthopedic and dental implants due to their excellent mechanical properties, high corrosion resistance, and good biocompatibility
It is suggested that TiO2 nanotubes with a 3-D micro/nonporous structure may enhance apatite formation when compared to dense TiO2 [2]
TiO2 nanotube arrays formed by anodic oxidation of Ti in NH4F
Summary
Titanium and its alloys are increasingly used in orthopedic and dental implants due to their excellent mechanical properties, high corrosion resistance, and good biocompatibility. Titanium is a bioinert material, investigation of hybrid bioactive coatings formation on the Ti surface is required [3]. Titanium nanotubes can be used as one of the components for these coatings. The advantage of using TiO2 nanotubes is that they can be grown directly on the Ti surface by a cost-effective technique as anodic oxidation. The nanoindentation results indicate that the Young’s modulus of the TiO2 nanotubes is significantly lower than that of the Ti substrate. It is well known that important disadvantage connected with hydroxyapatite (HA) coating is poor adhesion strength at the HA/Ti interface. It is suggested that TiO2 nanotubes with a 3-D micro/nonporous structure may enhance apatite formation when compared to dense TiO2 [2]
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