Abstract
Single-crystal rutile TiO2 nanorod (NR) arrays have been synthesized on the fluorine-doped tin oxide substrates, followed by an annealing at 200–600 °C. It is found that DSSCs fabricated using TiO2 NR arrays which undergo annealing display an increased efficiency than those that do not undergo annealing. The optimal efficiency of 4.42% power conversion is achieved in the DSSC made with 500 °C annealed arrays, which show a 450% increase in the overall conversion efficiency. The improvement is ascribed to the increased light harvesting, the enhanced electric contact and the suppressed recombination of the injected electrons with redox species in the electrolyte.
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