Influence of an exotic grass on benthic macroinvertebrate communities in a tropical rural landscape

Abstract

Riparian deforestation in rural areas has led to changes in bankside vegetation communities that may have unexpected effects on stream ecosystems. In particular, plants such as grasses can colonize the streambed from adjacent terrestrial habitats, thus altering the physical structure of the streambed and potential influencing macroinvertebrate communities. Here we evaluated if the presence of patches of grasses (Urochloa sp.) on the streambed influenced the structure and composition of macroinvertebrate communities in deforested rural streams. We sampled patches with and without grasses in three low-order streams, in the wet and dry seasons. We recorded higher abundances of macroinvertebrates in patches with grasses in the wet season when compared with bare patches. We also found significant differences in taxonomic and functional feeding group composition between patch types, due to higher overall abundances in patches with grasses, probably due to more food and shelter there. These influences were stronger in the wet season, when in-stream grasses may have provided greater refugia from flood disturbance that occur with increased frequency and intensity. Therefore, although deforestation of rural streams can simplify streambed habitats, in-stream grasses such as Urochloa sp. provide resources that contribute for the maintenance of macroinvertebrate communities.