Abstract
The effect of adding nano-alumina and nano-silica on the microstructural and physical properties of ceramic tiles was investigated. Samples are fabricated from typical raw materials by uniaxial pressing under 10 MPa and firing at 1160 °C. The microstructures and crystalline phases are studied using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, respectively. The mechanical-physical properties are reported in terms of compressive strength, water absorption, bulk density and apparent porosity. Image software analysis is used to determine the total porosity and the size distribution of the porosity. The results show that samples with nanoparticles present increases in density and reductions in porosity. The best results correspond to the highest addition of nanoparticles. The formulation with 1 wt% nano-alumina shows the highest density associated with a reduction in porosity and an increment in the mullite phase. The sample with 1 wt% nano-silica exhibits the lowest water absorption, apparent porosity and total porosity.
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