Influence of agrometeorological climate changes on grain productivity of spring barley in the Non‐chernozem zone of the Russian Federation

Abstract

Aim . To study the influence of weather conditions on the formation of the spring barley crop under prevailing climatic changes. Material and Methods . The object of research was varieties and lines of spring barley of the FITZ Nemchinovka selection, which were studied annually in 2001‐2020 in a competitive test in the conditions of the Moscow region. According to the meteorological data for the FITZ Nemchinovka, the average monthly indicators of precipitation, air temperature and GTCM were calculated. Mathematical processing of yield data was undertaken on a computer using the Excel programme. Results . A significant increase in the average monthly air temperature during the spring‐summer season, an increase in the amount of precipitation in May and a decrease in other months of the growing season indicate a change in the climatic conditions of the region. In favorable years, with a GTCM value from 1.32 to 2.34, the average yield of barley was 5.88 t/ha and in dry years with GTCM values from 0.48 to 1.26 – 3.28 t/ha. In the spring‐summer period, there was a relatively stable variability in yield from the dynamics of precipitation and GTCM (r= 0.346...0.572). The negative correlation dependence of the yield of varieties on the average monthly air temperature throughout the season had a relatively unstable character and manifested itself as very weak or medium (r= ‐0.021...‐0.372). Conclusion . The positive yield trend observed in the conditions of the Moscow region with the annual use of the same agricultural machinery is due to an increase in the adaptive potential of new varieties and breeding lines of FITZ Nemchinovka.