Abstract
ZnO nanorods have been prepared with sol–gel methods using zinc acetate dihydrate inethanol in the presence of lithium hydroxide via alkaline hydrolysis. The electron transferbehaviour at the surface and interface in ZnO nanorods was investigated by means of thesurface photovoltage technique. The influence of adsorbed oxygen on the surfacephotovoltage (SPV) response of ZnO nanorods was studied by surface photovoltagespectroscopy (SPS) and field-induced surface photovoltage spectroscopy (FISPS). Theresults of SPS demonstrate that for ZnO nanorods the built-in electric field should be amain driving force for the separation of the photogenerated electron–hole pairs and itsensuing SPV response. The method of photogenerated charge recombination was alsostudied with the aid of PL spectroscopy. It is shown that the two methods of energyrelaxation in light-excited ZnO nanorods are competitive. When oxygen is adsorbed at thesurface and the built-in electric field is formed, the SPV response should be the leadingone. Nevertheless, when oxygen is absent, the energy relaxation is mostly carried out byradiative emission.
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