Influence Analysis of Atmospheric Refraction on TDOA and FDOA Dual-station Location Error of Air-to-ground and Its Correction

Abstract

Due to the heterogeneity of the atmosphere, radio waves are subjected to refraction during the propagation process, which reduces its propagation speed and bends the propagation path. If this refraction effect is not taken into account when the source is localized through conventional dual-station time difference of arrival (TDOA) and frequency difference of arrival (FDOA) -based methods, a large localization error will occur. In this paper, a correction model of atmospheric refraction error for air-to-ground TDOA and FDOA location is established. The influence of atmospheric refraction on TDOA and FDOA localization error of air-to-ground dual-station under the known elevation constraints is analyzed. An iteration correction algorithm for TDOA and FDOA localization error under atmospheric refraction is proposed. The effectiveness of the correction algorithm is verified through simulation results and analyses.