Inflections (knees) in wide-range spectra of solar energetic protons and heavy ions: Their form, parameters, and regularities

Abstract

An analysis of fluences of solar cosmic rays (SCRs), measured by the ACE (ULEIS, SIS) and GOES satellites for 1998–2006 over the wide energy range of 0.05 to 500 MeV/nucleon, is performed. It is shown that the energy spectra of the fluences have two sections described by power functions of the energy per nucleon: a hard spectrum at low energies (E 10–30 MeV/nucleon). The main regularities inherent to the parameters of the spectra of different particles are determined.