Abstract
Despite impressive phenomenological success, cosmological models are incomplete without an understanding of what happened at the big bang singularity. Maxwell electrodynamics, considered as a source of the classical Einstein field equations, leads to the singular isotropic Friedmann solutions. In the context of Friedmann–Robertson–Walker (FRW) spacetime, we show that singular behavior does not occur for a class of nonlinear generalizations of the electromagnetic theory for strong fields. A new mathematical model is proposed for which the analytical nonsingular extension of FRW solutions is obtained by using the nonlinear magnetic monopole fields.
Highlights
Cosmology has experienced remarkable advances in recent decades as a consequence of tandem observations of type-Ia supernovae and the cosmic microwave background
We investigate a cosmological model of the universe with nonlinear magnetic monopole (NMM) fields coupled to gravity
We used the model of NMM fields with parameters β and l for the sources of the gravitational field
Summary
Cosmology has experienced remarkable advances in recent decades as a consequence of tandem observations of type-Ia supernovae and the cosmic microwave background. To solve the initial singularity problem, the early stages of the universe are assumed to be dominated by the radiation of nonlinear modifications of Maxwell’s equations, which include a large amount of electromagnetic and gravitational fields. This is true inasmuch as strong magnetic fields in the early universe can cause deviations from linear electrodynamics to nonlinear electrodynamics [6,7]. By following recently published procedures [16,17], in this paper the nonlinear magnetic monopole (NMM) fields are used to show the source of the acceleration of the universe without an initial singularity.
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