Abstract
In recent years, with the acceleration of life rhythm and the increase of social competition, the incidence of obesity and depression has been increasing, which has seriously affected the quality of life and health of people. Obesity and depression, two seemingly unrelated physical and psychological diseases, in fact, are closely related: obese people are more likely to have depression than nonobese ones. We have reviewed and analyzed the relevant research literature and found that the inflammatory response plays a key role in obesity-induced depression. This article will discuss in detail the inflammatory mechanisms by which obesity induces depression.
Highlights
Obesity is a disease caused by the aberrant accumulation of adipose tissue due to the imbalance between energy absorption and consumption [1], which can increase the incidence of metabolic disease, such as diabetes [2]
20 years ago, to assess the association between obesity and inflammation, Ziccardi et al carried out a comparative study on 40 nonobese and 56 obese premenopausal women, and they found in their serum the increased levels of inflammatory cytokines [14], such as tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α and interleukin- (IL-) 6
The exact mechanisms responsible for obesity resulting in macrophage infiltration still elude us, there is a hypothesis accepted by most scholars that hypoxia in adipose tissue is one of the possible mechanisms of macrophage infiltration [30]
Summary
Obesity is a disease caused by the aberrant accumulation of adipose tissue due to the imbalance between energy absorption and consumption [1], which can increase the incidence of metabolic disease, such as diabetes [2]. Numerous clinical studies have shown that individuals who have high body mass index (BMI) are at significantly increased risk of developing depressive disorder later in life [8, 9]. It is generally agreed that obesity is associated with the onset of depression, the precise mechanisms that interactively link these two disease entities remain unclear. To address this issue, we conducted a literature search and analysis of research on experimental and clinical investigations related to depression and obesity. There is a strong reason to believe that inflammation is perhaps a good target to investigate how obesity affects depression. The following is a brief review of the effects of obesity on inflammation and the impacts of the inflammatory response in depression
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