Abstract
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Inflammatory disorders of the temporomandibular joint present a high prevalence in the population. The knowledge about inflammatory mediators, such as histamine, serotonin, kinins, eicosanoids, platelet-activating factor, nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor and interleukins, may contrib-goupute to a better understanding of these disorders. The objective of this study was to review the literature on the major inflammatory mediators involved in temporomandibular arthralgia. CONTENTS: A search was made in the LILACS, Pubmed/Medline, Scielo and Science direct databases, crossing the following descriptors in the English and Portuguese language: inflammation, temporomandibular joint, inflammatory mediators, inflammation, temporomandibular joint and inflammatory mediators. Articles of literature review, systematic review, meta-analysis and randomized clinical trials, as well as books with compatible themes, published between September 1990 and June 2017 were included. Clinical reports, open label studies, animal model studies, were excluded. CONCLUSION: The knowledge of the inflammatory process, with the different mediators and mechanisms, can contrib-goupute to a better understanding, allowing the selection of the best therapy to be used clinically in cases of arthrogenic temporomandibular joint disorders.
Highlights
The knowledge about inflammatory mediators, such as histamine, serotonin, kinins, eicosanoids, platelet-activating factor, nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor and interleukins, may contribute to a better understanding of these disorders
Serotonin, kinins, eicosanoids, platelet activating factor, nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor, and interleukins are among the main inflammation mediators (IM) of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders[10,11]
Kinins interact with specific receptors (B1 and B2), present in inflammatory cells, like macrophages, promoting the synthesis of interleukin-1 and the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptors, activating A2 and C phospholipases[24]
Summary
The knowledge about inflammatory mediators, such as histamine, serotonin, kinins, eicosanoids, platelet-activating factor, nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor and interleukins, may contribute to a better understanding of these disorders. CONCLUSION: The knowledge of the inflammatory process, with the different mediators and mechanisms, can contribute to a better understanding, allowing the selection of the best therapy to be used clinically in cases of arthrogenic temporomandibular joint disorders.
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