Abstract
The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and red blood cell distribution width (RDW) are important indicators of adverse outcomes and have predictive value for many diseases; however, the relationships between frailty, and the NLR and RDW in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) have not been determined. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the association between frailty, and the NLR and RDW in elderly CHD patients ≥ 60 years of age. Frailty was defined according to frailty phenotype. Of 345 patients enrolled in the study, 22.6%, 58.3%, and 19.1% were characterized as robust, pre-frail, and frail, respectively. A significant positive correlation was observed between frailty and the NLR (r = 0.169) and RDW (r = 0.196). After adjusting for confounders, linear regression analyses showed that participants in the 4th quartile of the NLR or RDW were more likely to have a higher frailty phenotype score. Based on multivariable logistic regression, patients in the 4th quartile of the NLR and RDW, the fully-adjusted odds ratios for incident frailty were 2.894 (p = 0.011) and 2.494 (p = 0.040), respectively. Our findings indicate that frailty is associated with the NLR and RDW in elderly patients with CHD.
Highlights
Frailty is a prevalent geriatric syndrome characterized by an age-related cumulative decline of the physiologic reserve capacity of multiple systems, which leads to a decreased ability to cope with stress among older adults [1]
In this cross-sectional study of 345 elderly participants referred to the Department of Cardiology at the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, we investigated the relationship between inflammatory markers and frailty in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients
The results suggested that frailty is associated with the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and red blood cell distribution width (RDW)
Summary
Frailty is a prevalent geriatric syndrome characterized by an age-related cumulative decline of the physiologic reserve capacity of multiple systems, which leads to a decreased ability to cope with stress among older adults [1]. Frailty can increase the risk of adverse health outcomes, such as falls, institutionalization, disability, and mortality [2,3]. Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the most common diseases in the elderly. Frailty is closely related to the prognosis of CHD. Compared with non-frail patients, the mortality rate of frail, CHD patients is significantly increased and hospital stays are longer [4,5,6]. Frailty is an independent predictor of major bleeding and has a negative impact on the quality of life in elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) [7,8]
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