Abstract
The research aims to study the effect of some physical properties of the soil as soil components of sand, silt, and clay, as well as bulk density, and the initial soil moisture, on both cumulative infiltration depth, infiltration rate, and basic infiltration rate.Depending on data of 31 laboratory infiltration tests represented by 516 values for cumulative infiltration depth and cumulative infiltration time, including a wide range of change in soil physical properties. Using the statistical program (SPSS), and by applying the nonlinear regression method, the best empirical equation has been derived to estimate the cumulative infiltration depth, with a determination coefficient of 0.975, as a function of some physical properties of soil and in the form of Kostakov's equation to include estimation of basic infiltration rate.
Highlights
Infiltration is the process of water entering the soil through its surface
Equations 4, 5 and 6 were adopted in drawing relationships to illustrate the effect of initial soil moisture, soil bulk density, and soil texture on both the cumulative infiltration depth, the infiltration rate, and the basic nfiltration rate
Effect of initial soil moisture on infiltration: Figure (2) shows the relationship between the cumulative infiltration depth and time in loamy soil having a bulk density of 1.45 g / cm3 and for different levels of initial soil moisture
Summary
Infiltration is the process of water entering the soil through its surface. The main forces that cause the infiltration process are the capillary forces that originate from the adhesion forces between water molecules and soil particles and the. Multiple linear relationships were found between soil infiltration rate and some physical properties that represent moisture content, silt content, clay content, bulk density and soil organic matter using data for 100 field infiltration tests [6]. Multiple linear relationships were found between the basic infiltration rate and some physical properties that represent the moisture content, proportions of soil components of sand, silt, clay, bulk density, soil particle density, and soil organic carbon using data for 25 field infiltration tests in loam and loamy sand and sandy loam soils [7]. Despite the numerous research to study the infiltration that covers some of the physical factors affecting the water infiltration ends by devising an empirical equation, it expresses either both the cumulative infiltration depth and the infiltration rate or it expresses the basic or final infiltration rate. The study deals with devising an equation that includes cumulative infiltration depth, infiltration rate and basic infiltration rate, in the form of Kostakov's equation, and to cover the effect of physical factors within the equation coefficient so that the basic infiltration rate can be expressed as well
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