Abstract
In recent years, due to the remarkable growth in cadaver tissue donation, the supply of donated bone and connective tissue allografts has greatly increased. The widened availability of these tissues has encouraged new clinical uses and has brought attention not only to their effectiveness and advantages over autografts but also to their drawbacks, side effects and complications. Infectious disease transmission is a serious concern for orthopedic surgeons and patients contemplating bone allograft use. Bacterial and viral diseases shown in Table 1 have been transmitted through the use of bone allografts [52, 62, 74]. Although bacteria and fungi can be introduced to the bone allograft during surgical removal from the donor or during bone processing, storage and implantation, this review will emphasize viral and bacterial diseases of donor origin and the important roles of donor screening and tissue processing, disinfection and sterilization for their prevention.
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