Abstract
Infectious diseases outbreaks following natural disasters are relatively rare, especially in developed countries. Disease endemicity, environmental factors, health infrastructure, poverty, inequality, political stability, and the level of appropriate response after a disaster event play the most critical role in the occurrence of infectious diseases. Infectious diseases can be waterborne, foodborne, vector-borne or due to person-to-person transmission and other various types of exposures.Observational data from past natural disasters show that acute respiratory infections, diarrhea and soft tissue infections are the most common diseases that occur. However, various epidemics, disease clusters, or sporadic cases have been reported following natural disasters such as measles, diarrheal diseases (E. coli, noroviruses), cholera, hepatitis A, hepatitis E, leptospirosis, tetanus, skin infections, meningitis, malaria, and dengue fever.Following a natural disaster event, adequate response depends on proper site planning for hosting displaced people, prevention, control measures, health promotion, surveillance, and deployment of adequate services for the management of infectious diseases.
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