Abstract
The purpose of the study : to identify the significance of anaerobic bacteria and analyze their role in the development of infectious complications in cancer patients. Material and Methods . The review includes data from clinical and in vitro studies published in Russian and international press for the period from 1989 to 2018. Results . Data analysis has shown that many aspects related to anaerobic non-sporeforming bacteria are insufficiently studied, although they can cause severe hospital infections. This is especially true for patients with immune system defects, including cancer patients. In this category of patients, anaerobic bacteria can cause infections of the maxillofacial region, intra-abdominal infections, lower respiratory tract infections, urinary infections, and blood flow infections. In cancer patients, infectious complications are more severe, and may adversely affect treatment outcomes. A long process of anaerobic cultivation dictates the need for empirical treatment of infection for an average of 6 to 7 days. Since the middle of the last century, metronidazole was the «gold standard» of therapy. However, today the situation has changed dramatically. More than 80 % of anaerobic strains are resistant to metronidazole. The problem of resistance of anaerobic bacteria to other antibacterial drugs has not been sufficiently studied. Conclusion . It is necessary to develop therapeutic approaches based on current data on the resistance mechanisms of non-sporeforming anaerobic bacteria.
Highlights
Особенно эта проблема актуальна для пациентов, имеющих дефекты иммунной системы, к которым относятся все онкологические больные
Data analysis has shown that many aspects related to anaerobic non-sporeforming bacteria are insufficiently studied
This is especially true for patients with immune system defects
Summary
Ганизмы в анаэробных камерах, анаэростатах c использованием специальных пакетов системы GasPak. При эмпирическом назначении терапии следует учитывать проблему нарастающей резистентности анаэробных микроорганизмов [22,23,24]. Также по данным ряда исследований, в Европе и США резистентность грамотрицательных анаэробных микроорганизмов к метронидазолу и клиндамицину составляет 80–85 % [22, 26]. Shilnikova I.I., Dmitrieva N.V. Evaluation of antibiotic susceptibility of Bacteroides, Prevotella and Fusobacterium species isolated from cancer patients of the N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Moscow, Russia. [Tereshchenko I.V., Grigorievskaya Z.V., Petukhova I.N., Shilnikova I.I., Grigorievsky Е.D., Tereshchenko О.V., Aginova V.V., Dmitrieva N.V. Role of gram-negative anaerobic cocci belonging to the genus Veillonella in infectious complications in cancer patients. Dubreuil L., Odou M.F. Anaerobic bacteria and antibiotics: What kind of unexpected resistance could I find in my laboratory tomorrow?
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