Abstract
Mosquitoes are mainly responsible for the transmission of arboviruses (Arthropod-borne viruses) characterized by their transmission by arthropod vectors. Among the mosquitoes transmitting arboviruses, Aedes and Culex genera play a major role. Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti, found in tropical and subtropical regions, is the main vector for dengue, chikungunya and Zika viruses and is responsible for large-scale epidemics. Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus is a species native to Southeast Asia that has spread to many temperate countries including metropolitan France. This virus is responsible for the autochthonous cases of dengue, chikungunya and Zika regularly observed in France for about ten years. Culex modestus and Culex pipiens are vectors for the West-Nile virus whose incidence is increasing in the south of France. Mosquitoes present in Metropolitan France may also be vectors for Usutu and Tahyna viruses. The implantation of new species of mosquito vectors or the importation of viruses that can be transmitted by mosquitoes present in metropolitan France are hypotheses to be considered.
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