Abstract
A stroke occurs when a blood vessel to the brain is either blocked or ruptured. When blood to part of the brain is blocked, it causes what is called an ischemic stroke. Stroke is much more common in adults and the elderly. This is because fats and cholesterol can build up and block blood vessels as we age. Stroke is much less common in children. Stroke occurs in 11 per 100,000 children under the age of 18 every year.1 Still, it is one of the top 10 causes of death for children.2 We don't routinely expect children to have the major risk factors for atherosclerosis, such as high blood pressure, diabetes, high cholesterol, and smoking. When stroke occurs in children, the causes are much different. Infection has been shown to increase the risk of heart attack and stroke 3-fold among adults.3 Previous studies have suggested that it may also be an important cause of pediatric stroke.
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