Infection of sheep with adult and larval Ostertagia circumcincta: gastrin

Abstract

Gastric endocrine cell populations and serum and tissue gastrin have been examined in sheep which were infected either intraruminally by tube with 150 000 Ostertagia circumcincta larvae followed by a trickle infection of 10 000 larvae thrice weekly for 8 weeks or by the transfer of 15 000 adult worms directly into the abomasum and killed 8 days later. Depletion of both antral gastrin and somatostatin was evident in both groups: tissue gastrin concentrations were reduced by 85% in the trickle infection and both G cells (gastrin-containing) and D cells (somatostatin-containing) were pale and fewer after adult worm transfer. The concurrent depletion of antral gastrin and somatostatin supports the contention that the hypergastrinaemia in parasitised sheep is largely secondary to the increase in abomasal pH. Although there was no change in the proportions of G34 and G17 in the tissues, there was an increase in the longer form of gastrin in the circulation of the larval-infected sheep, suggesting that there may be differential secretion of G17 and G34 which may be exaggerated as the rate of secretion increases. Although the fundic mucosa was thicker following trickle infection, there was no evidence of enterochromaffin-like cell hyperplasia in either infected group. It is suggested that hypergastrinaemia may be beneficial to the host, as it may allow the abomasum to regain the ability to acidify its contents during continued exposure to the parasites.