Abstract
The infection dynamics of S. Java were examined in three consecutive rearing periods on a broiler farm in Northwestern Germany which had been persistently infected with S. Java for more than five years. The barn was investigated for Salmonella occurrence after cleaning and disinfection to verify the persistent contamination of the broiler house with S. Java before the start of the first rearing cycle. Confirmation of Salmonella absence in day-old chicks (time-point 1) as well as early establishment of infection between days 5–7 (time-point 2) were confirmed by caecal swabs prepared for qPCR and classical microbiological methods. At three time-periods (between days 11–15 (time-point 3), days 25–28 (time-point 4), and days 38–40 (time-point 5)) caecal content was examined for colony forming units (CFU) Salmonella/g. In general, there was an increase in Salmonella Java load at time-point 4 compared to time-points 3 and 5. Therefore, we observed a bell-shaped course of infection resulting in higher rates of Salmonella CFU/g prior to prethinning than at final slaughter. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed resistance to tetracycline, fluorquinolones, trimethoprim, and cefoxitin.
Highlights
Salmonella enterica serovars are among the most important agents of food-borne outbreaks throughout the world
We demonstrate in another paper that only routine cleaning and disinfection alone would not be appropriate for eradication of S
The presented study contributes to a better understanding of the infection dynamics of S
Summary
Salmonella enterica serovars are among the most important agents of food-borne outbreaks throughout the world. Human infections in Germany and the Netherlands attributable to the consumption of poultry products were described by Toboldt et al [12] and van Pelt et al [13] as well as by Brown et al in Scotland due to consumption of imported poultry [14] It is a public health concern because of high occurrence rates of antimicrobial resistance, notably to antimicrobials considered as critically important by joint experts of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the World. S. Java efficiently invades chicken epithelial cells and macrophages and can be found in caeca, the liver, and the spleen seven days post infection and up until slaughter, indicating its good adaptation to the poultry host. The acquired knowledge will help to better understand the bacteria-host interaction in the field and with it, benefits to develop intervention strategies as well as monitoring systems for the control of this serovar, thereby having an impact on public health
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